Antibacterial Activity, Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Stem of Nicotiana Tabacum

The parts of the Nicotiana tabacum plant have been known to possess a wide range of biological activities. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity, phytochemical screening and the antioxidant activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the stem of Nicotiana tabacum. The antibacterial activity was observed against two gram positive bacteria (Bacillus amyloiquefaciens, Staphylococcus aureus) & two gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in its aqueous, ethanolic, acetone and methanolic extracts by agar well diffusion method where maximum antibacterial activity found to be present in the methanolic and ethanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition length of 10.667±1.527 mm and 8±1.00 mm, respectively. Phytochemical screening of aqueous, ethanolic & methanolic extract revealed the presence of saponin, flavonoids and alkaloids. Flavonoid content in stem was found to be 838 mg QE/g of extract in the 80% of ethanol extract by aluminium chloride colometric method. Antioxidant activity was observed in order to estimate the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione content, glutathione s transferase & lipid peroxidation i.e. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the aqueous and methanolic extract where methanolic extract has shown a high level of antioxidant activity. The present study suggests that the stems of Nicotiana tabacum can be as a good antimicrobial and antioxidant agent. INTRODUCTION: Natural bioactive compounds have shown various anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. They are gaining considerable attention as eco-friendly alternative to synthetic antibacterial active compound or agents 1 . There are a huge number of herbal medicines described in Ayurveda and other alternative traditional medicines whose utilization in general health of the common people is still not efficient because of several reasons that is secondary metabolites which posses several properties. QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(3).1156-67 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7 (3).1156-67 The medicinal plants are being utilized by human beings in universal phenomena. The World Health Organization has recognized the important role of medicinal plant in health care, where 80% of the world Population is dependent on traditional medicine 2 . It has also been reported that different parts of a particular plant consist of different secondary metabolites and different antibacterial properties that has been a counterfeit to know which part should be used for therapeutic agent 3 . For years plants have been a valuable source of natural products for maintaining human health. Researchers have already used the extracts of plants for various anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral activities 4 . The waste product of plants has also shown the presence of bioactive compounds such as stem or bark. Phytochemicals have reveals the active component of medicinal